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Passacaglia on an Old English Tune

by Rebecca Clarke

Instrumentation
Cello, Piano
Composed
1941
Duration
4'57''
Publisher
G. Schirmer
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About this piece

A powerful, sombre set of variations over a ground bass drawn from the hymn tune 'Veni Creator' attributed to Thomas Tallis, which Clarke took from the 1906 English Hymnal. She wrote it in 1941 while stranded in the United States by the war and gave the premiere herself on the viola in New York that March; it was published in 1943 in the original viola version and in her own cello edition, whose piano part is identical. Liane Curtis calls it Clarke's 'meditation on things British'. It lasts about five minutes.

Technical overview

Sources note the fast tempo and passionate intensity of the cello version, and that the G. Schirmer cello edition's score prints only the viola line while the cello part contains some modifications of its own.

Level rubric

Early Advanced

Left Hand

  • Fully integrated thumb position; scales/arpeggios on A & D strings.
  • Smooth shifts into/out of thumb position for sustained high notes.
  • Frequent advanced double stops with rapid, coordinated shifts.
  • Accurate ornamentation (trills, turns, grace notes), even in double stops.
  • Expressively adjust intonation for chord balance.
  • Handle fast runs and large leaps precisely.
  • Introduction to false harmonics.

Right Hand

  • Virtuoso bow strokes: controlled up/down‑bow staccato, deliberate ricochet & well‑shaped sautillé.
  • Wide tone palette via precise bow adjustments.
  • Explore advanced effects (col legno, sul ponticello) as needed.
  • Capable of both powerful fortissimo and delicate soft notes.
  • Rapid switching among strokes in cadenzas/virtuosic passages.

Rhythm & Musicality

  • Apply rhythmic freedom & rubato to shape movements and cadenzas.
  • Personal interpretation with nuanced phrasing & subtle dynamics.
  • Mature tone and phrasing for solo and ensemble settings.
  • Demonstrate advanced ensemble leadership with visual cues.

Levels are approximate guides, not strict requirements.