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Ten Preludes

by Sofia Gubaidulina

Instrumentation
Cello
Composed
1974
Duration
22'
Publisher
Sikorski

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About this piece

Written in 1974 for the cellist Vladimir Tonkha, who premiered them in Moscow on 12 December 1977, these ten preludes began life as 'Ten Etudes' and were renamed at Tonkha's suggestion. Each is built on a single playing technique or on the contrast between two - staccato and legato, with and without mute, ricochet, ponticello to tasto, harmonics, frog to tip, arco and pizzicato - ending with a prelude played without the bow. The result is both a compendium of modern cello colour and a sequence of concentrated, dramatic character pieces that has become a staple of the solo repertoire.

Technical overview

Ten unaccompanied movements each titled by technique: 1. staccato - legato; 2. legato - staccato; 3. con sordino - senza sordino; 4. ricochet; 5. sul ponticello - ordinario - sul tasto; 6. flagioletti (harmonics); 7. al taco - da punta d'arco; 8. arco - pizzicato; 9. pizzicato - arco; 10. senza arco. Demands command of ricochet, natural harmonics, contact-point control and left-hand pizzicato.

Technical focus

  • Harmonics
  • Legato

Level rubric

Advanced

Left Hand

  • Unrestricted fingerboard operation.
  • Effortless high‑register passages with thumb position.
  • Execute large leaps, rapid shifts & fast runs with precise intonation.
  • Render double stops with clarity and even vibrato.
  • Crisp, stylistically appropriate ornamentation (trills, turns, mordents).
  • Instinctive micro‑adjustments in intonation for expressiveness.
  • False harmonics in low positions

Right Hand

  • Complete command of all bow strokes at any tempo/dynamic.
  • Comfortable execution of virtuoso passages (sautillé, intricate ricochet).
  • Tone projection from whisper‑quiet to fortissimo.
  • Integrate advanced bow patterns with expressive phrasing.
  • Demonstrate technical precision with a broad dynamic range.

Rhythm & Musicality

  • Interpret large‑scale structures with nuanced pacing and rhythmic freedom.
  • Highly refined phrasing with subtle note grouping & expressive rubato.
  • Convey emotional depth and stylistic authenticity.
  • Incorporate personal interpretive choices while meeting stylistic demands.

Levels are approximate guides, not strict requirements.